ABSTRACT
Background: Genetic and environmental factors are both involved in the etiology of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease [NAFLD]. Among the genetic factors, certain polymorphisms of adiponectin gene are associated with NAFLD. In the current study, we investigated the association between metabolic parameters with different genotypes of adiponectin +276 G>T polymorphism among the Iranian NAFLD patients, and the effect of nutritional intake with development of NAFLD
Methods: In this study, 75 patients with NAFLD and 76 healthy individuals were enrolled. Dietary intakes were assessed using a semi- quantitative Food-Frequency Questionnaire [FFQ]. Body Mass Index [BMI] and Waist to Hip Ratio [WHR] were calculated. Biochemical assays including FSG [Fasting Serum Glucose], liver enzymes, lipid profiles, Malondialdehyde, insulin resistance and Total Antioxidant Capacity [TAC] were measured after 12 hr fasting. Gene polymorphism study was done by using of sequencing method
Results: Although, T allele frequency was more prevalent in patients with NAFLD than control, adiponectin +276 G>T polymorphism was not associated with risk of NAFLD. Among the metabolic parameters, TAC in TT genotype was significantly lower 1.44[0.69 to 2.81] p>0.05, AST in GT, GG genotypes, and ALT in all three genotypes were higher in NAFLD patients in compared to healthy subjects [p<0.05]. Patients with GT genotype have significantly lower fat consumption and vitamin E intake as compared to control group with the same genotype [p<0.05]
Conclusion: In this study, we showed the association of different genotypes of +276 G>T polymorphism in adiponectin gene with some metabolic parameters
ABSTRACT
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease resulting from complex interactions between genetic, hormonal, environmental and oxidative stress and intrinsic inflammatory components. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association of the 763C>G polymorphism in the secretory phospholipase A2 group IIa gene [PLA2G2A] with the risk of endometriosis in Iranian women. Ninety seven patients with endometriosis along with 107 women who were negative for endometriosis after laparoscopy and laparatomy, and served as the control group, were enrolled for this cross-sectional study. Samples were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the association between the risk of endometriosis and the 763C>G polymorphism of PLA2G2A. Genotype distributions of PLA2G2A were significantly different between patients and the controls [p<0.001, OR=0.22, 95% CI=0.21-0.39]. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant association between the normal homozygous genotype and susceptibility to endometriosis [p<0.001]. The present study suggests that the 763C>G polymorphism of PLA2G2A plays an important role as an independent factor in the risk of endometriosis in Iranian women
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Polymorphism, Genetic , Group II Phospholipases A2 , GenesABSTRACT
Animal model studies have shown that MSY2 and JHDM2A genes have an important role in spermatogenesis process and fertility of male mice. But the potential role of these genes in human spermatogenesis and fertility is not known yet. Therefore, we evaluated expression ratios of these genes in testis tissues of men with normal and impaired spermatogenesis. In this experimental study, after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis from 50 non-obstructive azoospermic and 12 normal testis tissues, the expression ratios of genes were evaluated by real time polymerase chain reaction [PCR] technique. Hematoxcylin and eosin [H and E] staining was used for histological classification of testis tissues. For statistical analysis, one way analysis of variance [ANOVA] test was carried out. Our results showed a significant reduction in mRNA level of YBX2 in samples with impaired spermatogenesis [p<0.001] compared to samples with qualitatively normal spermatogenesis and normal spermatogenesis; however, in JHDM2A gene, despite sensible reduction in gene expression level in men with impaired spermatogenesis, no significant differences were shown [p>0.05]. Furthermore in YBX2, a significant negative correlation was demonstrated between the efficiency score of spermatogenesis and the threshold cycle [CT] [r=-0.7, p<0.0001], whereas in JHDM2A, this negative correlation was not significant [r=-0.4, p=0.06]. Generally, these data indicated that YBX2 and JHDM2A genes may play an important role in male infertility, and suggested that these molecules can act as useful biomarkers for predicting male infertility
ABSTRACT
Although aberrant protamine [PRM] ratios have been observed in infertile men, the mechanisms that implicit the uncoupling of PRM1 and PRM2 expression remain unclear. To uncover these mechanisms, in this observational study we have compared the PRM1/PRM2 mRNA ratio and mRNA contents of two regulatory factors of these genes. In this experimental study, sampling was performed by a multi-step method from 50 non-obstructive azoospermic and 12 normal men. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction [RT-QPCR] was used to analyze the PRM1, PRM2, Y box binding protein 2 [YBX2] and JmjC-containing histone demethylase 2a [JHDM2A] genes in testicular biopsies of the studied samples. The PRM1/PRM2 mRNA ratio differed significantly among studied groups, namely 0.21 +/- 0.13 in azoospermic samples and -0.8 +/- 0.22 in fertile samples. The amount ofPRM2 mRNA, significantly reduced in azoospermic patients. Azoospermic men exhibited significant under expression of YBX2 gene compared to controls [P=0.001]. mRNA content of this gene showed a positive correlation with PRM mRNA ratio [R=0.6, P=0.007]. JHDM2A gene expression ratio did not show any significant difference between the studied groups [P=0.3]. We also observed no correlation between JHDM2A mRNA content and the PRM mRNA ratio [R-0.2, P=0.3]. We found significant correlation between the aberrant PRM ratio [PRM2 under expression] and lower YBX2 mRNA content in testicular biopsies of azoospermic men compared to controls, which suggested that downregulation of the YBX2 gene might be involved in PRM2 under expression. These molecules could be useful biomarkers for predicting male infertility
ABSTRACT
Peroxisome proliferative-activated receptors [PPARs] are nuclear receptors that involved in cellular lipid metabolism and differentiation. The subtype gamma of the PPAR family [PPAR gamma] plays important roles in physiologic functions of ovaries. To determine correlation between PPAR gamma protein level in granulosa cells and pregnancy rate in women undergoing in-vitro fertilization [IVF] treatment. In this cross-sectional study, twenty-five samples of granulosa cells were collected from women referred to an IVF treatment center. PPAR gamma protein expression level in granulosa cells was determined in comparison with beta -actin level as control gene with Western blot test. Laboratory pregnancy was determined by a rise in blood beta -hCG level fourteen days after embryo transfer. Correlation analyses were used to test for associations between the oocytes and pregnancy occurrence as outcome variables and PPAR gamma protein expression level. Correlation analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between granulosa cells PPAR gamma protein level with IVF parameters including number of matured oocytes and the ratio of fertilized to matured oocytes. Comparison of granulosa cells PPAR gamma protein level with positive and negative laboratory pregnancy revealed also no significant relationship. According to the results of this study, PPAR gamma protein level in granulosa cells could not be directly correlated to the success rate of IVF